There are two main types of voice surgeries performed to treat hoarseness. The first type is surgery performed through the mouth to access the vocal cords. The second type involves surgeries performed externally, through the neck, without touching the vocal cords directly.
Surgeries performed through the mouth are procedures conducted directly on the vocal cords and are referred to as Vocal Cord Microsurgery. In this procedure, a special surgical microscope is used along with micro-instruments specifically designed for vocal cord surgery. While the diseased tissues of the vocal cords are treated, the healthy parts are carefully preserved. In some cases, the use of a laser is required during Vocal Cord Microsurgery. Vocal Cord Injection (Augmentation) Surgeries, which are used to treat vocal cord weakness or paralysis, are also performed using microsurgical techniques.
The second type of voice surgery consists of procedures performed through the neck without directly touching the vocal folds. These procedures are referred to as “Laryngoplastic Surgery.” In laryngoplastic surgery, interventions are performed on the cartilages located outside the vocal folds to alter the position and the looseness–tension of the vocal folds. In this way, existing voice problems can be corrected, and when necessary, the pitch of the voice can be modified.
“Vocal Fold Implant Surgeries,” which are applied in the treatment of hoarseness resulting from vocal fold paralysis, as well as “Voice Aesthetic” surgeries performed to thin or deepen the voice, are examples of laryngoplastic voice surgery.